Causal Reasoning · Foundations
Epistemology of Causality
How do investigators decide whether an observed difference supports a causal claim?
Page 1 of 7 · Big Picture
The big picture: Epistemology of Causality
What would make a causal claim credible?
Why a policy analyst should care
Causal conclusions require an argument about the missing counterfactual and the threats that could make the observed comparison a poor substitute for it.
Follow the idea from the opening question to a practical decision. These are the conceptual moves this module will develop:
1 Question What would make a causal claim credible?
2 Explore Two traditions ask related questions
3 Formalize Threats and counterfactuals
4 Transfer Defend a health-policy causal claim
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