Evidence · Hypothesis testing
Hypothesis Testing as Evidence
What does a p-value measure, and what does it not measure?
Page 1 of 7 · Big Picture
The big picture: Hypothesis Testing as Evidence
What does a p-value measure, and what does it not measure?
Why a policy analyst should care
A p-value describes how surprising the data are under a specified null model, not the probability that a claim is true or the importance of a finding.
Follow the idea from the opening question to a practical decision. These are the conceptual moves this module will develop:
1 Question Compatibility, not proof
2 Explore Magnitude and detectability
3 Formalize A test under a stated null
4 Transfer Audit a p-value-first claim
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