Relationships · Mean comparison
Comparing Two Means
How large and how uncertain is the difference in means?
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The big picture: Comparing Two Means
How large and how uncertain is the difference in means?
Why a policy analyst should care
A mean difference expresses an interpretable contrast in the outcome’s units, while its standard error distinguishes observed separation from sampling variability.
Follow the idea from the opening question to a practical decision. These are the conceptual moves this module will develop:
1 Question How different are the means?
2 Explore Magnitude, spread, and precision
3 Formalize t, z, and standardized differences
4 Transfer Choose, report, and defend
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